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1.fail v
①fail vt/vi失败（反义词 succeed成功），未能（做到）
My attempt to find a solution has failed.我想找到解决办法的尝试失败了。
fail in sth未能（做到某事）
He failed in his attempt to persuade her.他没能说服她。
fail to do sth未能（做到某事）
He failed to get into the college last year.他去年没能考上大学。
②fail vt/vi不及格，没有通过考试（反义词pass通过）
He failed his driving test.他没有通过驾驶考试。
He failed a drugs test so he was disqualified.他没有通过药检，因此被取消资格。
③fail vi出故障，失灵
He saw a terrible accident in which a tram’s brakes failed.他目睹了一起电车刹车失灵的可怕事故。（人教版第8册）
④fail vi（视力，体力，健康状况等）减弱，衰退（常用于进行时）
Her eyesight is failing.她的视力正在衰退。
⑤fail vt使失望，（同义词let down）有负于，无能为力
We need his help, but he failed us at a crucial time.我们需要他的帮助，但他在关键时刻辜负了我们。
He tried to be brave, but his courage failed him.他试图勇敢起来，但他没有勇气。
Words failed me when I heard the news.听到这个消息，我说不出话来。
⑥fail vi缺乏，不足
The rivers were dry because the rains had failed last year.河水干涸，因为去年雨水不足。
2.failure n
①失败（反义词succeed成功）（U）
Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。
We should have a discussion about the reason for the failure.我们应该讨论一下失败的原因。
②失败的人或事（反义词success成功的人或事）（C）
The art show was far from being a failure; it was a great success.这场艺术展一点也不失败;这是一个巨大的成功。（2009天津卷）
③故障，失灵（U）（C）
The cause of the accident was engine failure.事故的原因是发动机故障。
④未做，未履行（U）（C）
Failure to obey the test rules will lead to being driven out of the exam room.不遵守考试规则的考生将被赶出考场。
