本
文
摘
要
Ulrika Eleonora
Queen regnant of Sweden
Reign
5 December 1718 – 29 February 1720
Coronation
17 March 1719
Predecessor
Charles XII
Successor
Frederick I
Queen consort of Sweden
Tenure
29 February 1720 – 24 November 1741
Born
23 January 1688
Stockholm Palace, SwedenDied
24 November 1741 (aged 53)
Stockholm, SwedenBurial
1 December 1741
Riddarholmen Church
Spouse
Frederick I of Sweden
(m. 1715)
House
Palatinate-Zweibrücken
Father
Charles XI of Sweden
Mother
Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark
Religion
Lutheran
Ulrika Eleonora or Ulrica Eleanor (23 January 1688 – 24 November 1741), known as Ulrika Eleonora the Younger, was Queen of Sweden, reigning in her own right from 5 December 1718 until her abdication on 29 February 1720 in favour of her hu *** and King Frederick, and then as his consort until her death.
She was the youngest child of King Charles XI and Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark and named after her mother. After the death of her brother King Charles XIIin 1718, she claimed the throne. Her deceased older sister, Hedvig Sophia, had left a son, Charles Frederick of Holstein-Gottorp, who had the better claim by primogeniture. Ulrika Eleonora asserted that she was the closest surviving relative of the late king (the idea of proximity of blood) and cited the precedent of Queen Christina. She was recognized as successor by the Riksdag after she had agreed to renounce the powers of absolute monarchyestablished by her father. She abdicated in 1720 in favor of her hu *** and, Landgrave Frederick I of Hesse-Kassel.
Princess and regent
After their mothers death in 1693, Ulrika Eleonora and her siblings were placed in the care of their grandmother, Hedwig Eleonora. However, her grandmother was known to favor her elder sister. During her childhood, Eleonora was somewhat overlooked in favor of this elder, more extroverted and talented sister, princess Hedvig Sophia. Her elder siblings enjoyed riding and dancing and reportedly somewhat looked down upon her as she did not have the courage to participate in their games and was easily brought to tears. She was described as friendly, modest and dignified, with good posture and beautiful hands, but she was not regarded as either intelligent or attractive. Her grandmother, Hedwig Eleonora, described her as stubborn, and she was known to demonstrate her dislike of others or of events by simulating illness. She was a talented musician, and when performing with her sister at court concerts, she would play the clavier while her sister sang.[1] Ulrika Eleonora lived most of her life in the shadow of others, outshone by her brother the king, and by her attractive sister.
From 1700, she took care of her dominating grandmother, Hedwig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp, during her brothers absence in the Great Northern War. Her older sister, Hedvig Sophia, was then the heir presumptive to the throne.
As their brother Charles XII was unmarried and childless, Ulrika Eleonora was regarded as a likely future heir to the throne, and was thereby attractive on the marriage market. In 1698, a marriage alliance was suggested by marrying her to Prince Charles of Denmark and her brother to Princess Sophia Hedwig of Denmark, but in 1700 this plan was discarded. In 1700, there were negotiations of a marriage to Frederick William I of Prussia, but nothing came of them.[2] These plans were about to be put into effect when they were disrupted, without motivation, by her brother. She was later made the god-mother of Louisa Ulrika of Prussia, who was named Ulrika after her.[2]
In 1702, a marriage to the future King George II of Great Britain was suggested, but was postponed, and in the end nothing came of it.[1] Duke John William of Saxe-Gotha was given permission by her brother to court her, but the marriage plans were interrupted after he engaged in a duel with Anders Lagercrona in the presence of the monarch.[1] In 1710, she received a proposal from Prince Frederick of Hesse. The negotiations were handled by her favorite and confidante Emerentia von Düben. The marriage was supported by her grandmother Hedwig Eleonora, as the Queen Dowager thought this would force Ulrika Eleonora to leave Sweden for Hesse, increasing the chances for the son of Ulrika Eleonoras elder sister, Charles of Holstein-Gottorp, to become heir to the throne. The engagement was announced on 23 January 1714, and the wedding took place 24 March 1715. During the wedding, her brother Charles XII remarked: "Tonight my sister is dancing away the crown".[3]
After her grandmothers death in 1715, she became the center of the court, and this was one of the happiest periods of her life. In 1715, she married Landgrave Frederick I of Hesse-Kassel. The marriage, which on her side was a love-match, became another attempt to use her as a political puppet. Frederick had married her with the intent of reaching the throne, and immediately began plotting to have her named heir in place of her nephew. The "Hesse Party" and the "Holstein Party" stood against each other in the struggle for the throne.
Ulrika Eleonoras situation began to change after the death of her older sister, Hedvig Sophia, in 1708. Ulrika Eleonora became the only *** member of the royal house present in Sweden, aside from her grandmother, Queen Dowager Hedwig Eleonora. Already in late 1712, Charles XII had thoughts of making her regent during his absence. The royal council convinced her to be present at their meetings and give them her support. On 2 November 1713, she appeared at her first session, and a decision was made to assemble the Riksdag to declare her regent in her capacity as the closest heir to the throne.[1] In 1713, the government and her grandmother named her regent during the kings absence and thus she became a pawn of the many powers struggling for influence in a country without an official heir presumptive or heir apparent.[1] The choice now stood between Ulrika Eleonora and her nephew. Her accession as regent and president of the parliament was treated with great enthusia *** . The Riksdag had opposed her brother as they wanted to abolish the absolute monarchy and reinstate their own power. As regent, she kept herself informed of state affairs and urged her brother to return, warning him of the effects if he did not. With his permission she signed all documents of state affairs except those written to him personally. However, she regarded herself only as her brothers representative, and therefore made no suggestions of her own. As his sister, many times during the war, she had asked her brother if she could visit him, but was never permitted to.[1] She met her brother for the first time after sixteen years in Vadstena in 1716, and after that one last time in Kristinehamn in 1718.
Queen regnant
On 5 December 1718, Ulrika Eleonora received the news of the death of her brother, Charles XII. It has never been claimed that she had any advance knowledge of the purported involvement of her hu *** ands aide André Sicre, but she did immediately declare herself monarch in Uddevalla by stating that she had inherited the throne. The council was taken by surprise and did not contest this. She took control over the affairs of state and had Georg Heinrich von Görtz and his followers removed from power. The "Hesse Party" secured Ulrika Eleonoras succession to the throne. They gained the support of the Riksdag opposition, who wanted to end the absolute monarchyestablished in 1680 and reinstate parliamentary rule. On 15 December 1718, she declared that though she had inherited the throne, she did not intend to keep the Carolinian absoluti *** but agreed to reinstate the older system. The war council was determined to abolish absoluti *** and the right to inherit the throne, but was willing to acknowledge her as an elected monarch. Their opinion was supported by the majority of the Assembly of the Estates. Ulrika Eleonora was forced into agreeing to abolish absolute monarchy and the right to inherit the throne, both for her and for her contestant, her nephew Charles Frederick, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp. After having agreed to sign the new constitution as monarch, she was elected queen on 23 January 1719. On 19 February she signed the Instrument of Government (1719), thereby securing the support of the Estates not to give the throne to her nephew and compe *** . She was crowned in Uppsala Cathedral 17 March 1719 and made her formal entrance into Stockholm as monarch on 11 April that same year. During the ceremonies in Stockholm, she received the Estates, who passed the throne in procession. On this occasion, she demonstrated that she knew who her followers were. When she received the nobility, she only allowed their representatives to kiss her hand with her glove on, while the other representatives were allowed to kiss her hand without the glove. Ulrika Eleonora never made the traditional journey through the country, the Eriksgata, on her own. Instead, she made it with Frederick in 1722, after his coronation.
Her reign occurred just before the end of the Great Northern War. During the Russian Pillage of 1719-1721 in August of the summer of 1719, the Russian Fleet attacked the capital of Stockholm. Despite the ongoing attack, Ulrika Eleonora forced her courtiers to attend a previously accepted reception at the British ambassadors, "being so untouched as if there had been no enemies present for hundreds of miles",[1] which was considered to be an impressive act of courage. Her favorite courtier was Emerentia von Düben (1669–1743), her old nurse, who had been ennobled and made lady-in-waiting in 1707 and with whom she had a close relationship all her life. Düben acted as her advisor, her comfort and her support, and was said to not have abused her influence - they were described as sisters. During her short reign, to secure support for her rule, she ennobled many families. In a period of fifteen months, she ennobled 181 people, more than any other monarch in Swedish history; one count, two barons and eight lesser noblemen every month. She had seven field marshals where her brother only ever had between three and five. Ulrika Eleonora was in fact in favour of an absolute monarchy. She had agreed to the new constitution only to secure the throne from her nephew, and her relations with the council were not good. She came into conflict with the president of the Privy Council Arvid Horn, who resigned in protest, as well as with his successor Gustaf Cronhielm. Horn criticized her for discussing state affairs with her hu *** and, pressed her as to whether she would respect the constitution and insulted her by making the remark that nothing better was to be expected "under the regiment of a female." These conflicts had a deleterious effect on the war and state affairs.
Ulrika Eleonora supported the political ambitions of her consort, and from the beginning, she wished for him to become her co-monarch, in the fashion of William III and Mary II. However, this was not permitted by the Riksdag. One reason being that co-reigning had been forbidden in Sweden since the 15th century. There was also opposition in the Riksdag to the influence of Emerentia von Düben and her siblings over the affairs of state.[4] Her difficulty in respecting the constitution and trouble in getting along with the Riksdag, as well as her way of continuously discussing state affairs with her hu *** and, did however make the Riksdag willing to replace her with Frederick as sole monarch if she abdicated, an idea that had the support of Frederick. On 29 February 1720, after having again been denied a co-monarchy, Ulrika Eleonora abdicated in favour of her hu *** and on the condition that she should succeed him if he should die before her.[1] This condition of her abdication in fact granted her place as the heir to the Swedish throne until her death.
This succession was confirmed by the Riksdag. She often spoke of the abdication as the greatest sacrifice of her life. Frederick succeeded her on 24 March 1720.
Queen consort
The reign of her hu *** and began the period traditionally known as the Age of Liberty, when the monarchy lost most of its power to a parliamentary system. As queen consort, she withdrew to private life. Ulrika Eleonora had married for love and was known to be fiercely loyal to Frederick. Initially, the relationship between Ulrika Eleonora and Frederick was described as a happy one, and before Frederick became monarch, he restricted himself to the role of her consort. After two miscarriages in 1715 and 1718 and at least until 1724, the Queen expressed hope that she would give birth to an heir, but ultimately her marriage was childless.[5] King Frederick suggested placing his brother and his line in the House of Hesse in the succession line, and though this attempt was unsuccessful, Ulrika Eleonora supported this choice rather than her nephew the Duke of Holstein-Gottorp.[6]
Queen Ulrika Eleonora enjoyed great popularity during the reign of her spouse, partly as the last member of the old royal house, and partly because of her personal piety.[6] She was aware that this gave her power to influence policy, and when she let her opinion be known, it was often followed.[6] This influence was recognized. During the Riksdag of 1738, for example, the queen expressed her displeasure when Carl Gustaf Tessin was due to be elected to a post, which resulted in public protests which did not quiet down until Tessin had been received at the Royal Palace and allowed to kiss the bare hand of the queen, who assured him that she had no intention of interfering.[6]
The relationship between Ulrika Eleonora and Frederick changed after he became king, and it was said that when she gave him the crown, she gave him his freedom.[7] King Frederick had mistresses, and his extramarital affairs increased after he lost much of his royal authority in 1723.
In 1734, Frederick became the first king in Swedish history to have an official mistress, the noblewoman Hedvig Taube, who was given the title Countess of Hessenstein. Ulrika Eleonora expressed her disapproval to her close confidant Emerentia von Düben,[4] who convinced her never to display any public reaction to the affair, as it would be beneath the queens dignity and her position was untouchable: "As the Moon travels along its course over the sky without bothering over the barks of dogs, so should Her Majesty despise the gossip, which has been unleashed by this much unfortunate and blinded commitment".[1] By convincing Ulrika Eleonora not to publicly display her displeasure of his *** ery, Emerentia von Düben also became favored by King Frederik.[4] Ulrika Eleonora sternly followed the policy of not displaying her feelings about the *** ery for years. At the beginning of the affair, on one occasion she even walked publicly with Hedvig Taube in her effort to defend the reputation of her hu *** and.[5]
During the Riksdag of 1738, the question of the kings *** ery was raised by the clergy estate within the Riksdag of the Estates, and a letter of protest was presented to the king on 3 April 1739.[6] The archbishop had already had a private conversation with the queen about the matter, during which the queen had lamented herself over the kings *** ery and her disappointment of the Taube family.[6] The clergy estate pointed to the oath made by the king in 1720, when he succeeded the queen on the Swedish throne after she abdicated in his favor, in which he had made the promise to: "love, honor and respect my most worthy consort, the all powerful Princess Ulrica Eleonora [...] and declare the Estates to be free of their oath of allegiance, should I ever break this oath and insurance",[6] in fact declaring the king deposed if he disrespected the queen. On 26 April, the king expressed a wish to leave for Hesse. He was rumored to plan to settle there permanently with Taube.[6] A rumor circulated of a planned coup detat by the queens followers. The plan was to have the king leave with Taube, leaving the queen as regent of Sweden in his absence.[6] After his departure, the queens followers would present her with proof that the king had secretly married Taube, expecting the queen to respond by considering her marriage dissolved and agree to be reinstated as monarch.[6] This planned coup never took place; the king never presented a request to leave for Hesse.
During the Riksdag of 1740–41, the question was raised again. At this point, a change had occurred in the queens attitude, signs of which were observed already during the Riksdag of 1738.[6] The policy of Ulrika Eleonora not to express her dislike of Fredericks *** ery was weakened during her last years, possibly due to the unique position of Taube as the official mistress, because of the long-term nature of the affair and because they had children. Another reason for her change of conduct was reportedly that she, as an orthodox Lutheran, was concerned for the kings soul.[6] Despite demonstrating her compassion with the other riksråd deposed during the riksdag of 1738, she *** iled when the misfortune of the father of Hedvig Taube was mentioned.[6] When hosting the wedding of her maid of honour Sigrid Bonde at court, she neglected to invite the Taube, Gylleborg and Sparre families (the last two known supporters of Hedvig Taube), although court protocol would have expected them to be included, and when the new riksråd Carl Sparre, a known supporter of Taube, was presented to her during the audience for the new members of government, she demonstratively retired, preventing him from kissing her skirt in accordance with protocol.[6] The discontent of Queen Ulrika Eleonora was not a *** all matter for the Riksdag: not only because of the queens popularity, but also because the queen had abdicated in favour of the king on the condition that she would succeed him if he should die before her, a condition which made the queen the heir to the throne.[6]
During the Riksdag of 1741, the matter of the kings *** ery was, for the second time, raised in parliament by the clergy estate, this time by Bishop Erik Benzelius, who referred to the matter as that "which the Queen had made it known" that they should raise, in order to "set the mourning heart of the Queen to rest".[6] An official statement of protest was made, stating a reminder of the kings oath always to treat the queen with respect when she abdicated in his favor, and that the whole kingdom was in mourning of the queens sorrow, and concerned for the welfare of the kings soul. Two delegations from the clergy estate were appointed: one to the king, and one to Hedvig Taube.[6] In July 1741, the statement was read to the king in his audience chamber. The king reacted with rage, refused to accept the statement and stated that the Riksdag of the Estates had promised him not to interfere in his private life. He was, on their second attempt, forced to receive the statement. When told the result of that audience with the king, the queen, Ulrika Eleonora insisted that the planned embassy to Hedvig Taube was also to be executed according to plan, and replied to the hesitation of the bishop with the words: "When you priests follow your calling and your conscience, you do well to do so with no concern of other matters."[6] On this occasion, Hedvig Taube defended her by saying that she had never been aware of any negative reaction whatsoever from the Queen.[6]
Ulrika Eleonora served as regenttwice: The first time during Fredericks absence in 1731, and the second time during his illness in 1738-1739. She was declared regent in May 1731 when Frederick departed to visit Hesse, and ruled until his return in the autumn. In 1738, she was asked by the Estates to accept the regency at an occasion when Frederick was so ill that he was in danger of dying and was incapable of ruling. She duly accepted this task and handled the state affairs until after New Years Eve 1738–39. During her second regency, she banned the newly founded Swedish theatre by refusing to extend their access to Bollhuset;[8] her reason for this was opposition toward the theatre among the clergy.[8] The theatre, however, was restored the following year.
Ulrika Eleonora was interested in jewelry and music. She enjoyed to participate in the dance at court balls, and though religious scruples made her conflicted in the issue, she also engaged German and French theatre companies to perform at Bollhuset. Intensely religious, she was capable of interrupting a parliamentary session to pray. Similarly, at court presentations, she could interrogate the female debutantes about the Bible, rewarding them for correct answers. Sternly maintaining her royal pride, she was known to simulate illness and decline to leave her quarters when she felt insulted. Her dependency upon Emerentia von Düben has often been mentioned, but she had several additional friends, among them Hedvig Mörner, as well as her childhood friend Anna Fleming, who was her lady-in-waiting for thirty years.[9]
Queen Ulrika Eleonora died of *** allpox in 1741. There were rumours that she had been poisoned, but these rumours were silenced when the marks of her illness were visible during her public lit de parade. As she had been the heir to the throne, her death marked the beginning of a succession crisis.[6]
乌尔里卡·埃莱诺拉
瑞典女王
统治
1718年12月5日至1720年2月29日
加冕
1719年3月17日
前任
查理十二世
继承人
腓特烈一世
瑞典王后
任期
1720年2月29日至1741年11月24日
天生的
1688年1月23日
瑞典斯德哥尔摩宫
死亡
1741年11月24日（53岁）
瑞典斯德哥尔摩
埋葬
1741年12月1日
里德霍尔曼教堂
配偶
瑞典弗雷德里克一世
（m.1715)
家族
普法尔茨-茨韦布吕肯
父亲
卡尔十一世
母亲
丹麦的乌尔里卡·埃莱诺拉
宗教
路德教
乌尔丽卡·埃利奥诺拉或乌尔丽卡·埃利诺（1688年1月23日至1741年11月24日），被称为小乌尔丽卡·埃利奥诺拉，是瑞典女王，自1718年12月5日至1720年2月29日，她以丈夫弗雷德里克国王的名义退位，然后作为他的配偶，直到她去世。
她是丹麦King Charles XI和Ulrika Eleonora最小的孩子，以她母亲的名字命名。1718年，她的兄弟查尔斯国王去世后，她继承了王位。她已故的姐姐Hedvig Sophia留下了一个儿子，Holstein Gottorp的Charles Frederick，他的长子继承权更好。Ulrika Eleonora声称，她是已故国王最亲近的亲属（血缘相近的概念），并引用了克里斯蒂娜女王的先例。在她同意放弃她父亲建立的绝对君 *** 力后，瑞典议会承认她为继承人。她在1720年退位，支持她的丈夫，黑塞·卡塞尔的兰德格雷夫·弗雷德里克一世。
公主与摄政王
1693年母亲去世后，乌尔丽卡·埃莱诺拉和她的兄弟姐妹被交给祖母海德薇·埃莱诺拉照顾。然而，众所周知，她的祖母偏爱她的姐姐。在她的童年时代，埃莉诺拉在某种程度上被忽略了，而她的姐姐赫德维格·索菲亚公主则更外向、更有才华。她的兄姐喜欢骑马和跳舞，据报道，他们有点看不起她，因为她没有勇气参加他们的比赛，很容易流下眼泪。她被描述为友好、谦虚、端庄，有着良好的姿势和美丽的双手，但她既不聪明也不迷人。她的祖母海德薇·埃莱诺拉形容她固执，她以假装生病来表现出对他人或事件的厌恶。她是一位才华横溢的音乐家，当她和姐姐在宫廷音乐会上表演时，她会在姐姐唱歌的时候弹奏键盘。[1]乌尔丽卡·埃莱诺拉一生中的大部分时间都生活在别人的阴影下，她的哥哥国王和她漂亮的姐姐都让她相形见绌。
从1700年起，她在她哥哥缺席北方大战争期间，照顾她主宰一切的祖母，荷尔斯泰因·戈托普的海德薇·埃莱诺拉。她的姐姐赫德维格·索菲亚当时是王位的假定继承人。
由于他们的兄弟查理十二世未婚无子，乌尔丽卡·埃列诺拉被认为是未来王位的可能继承人，因此在婚姻市场上很有吸引力。1698年，有人建议将她嫁给丹麦的查理王子，她的兄弟娶丹麦的索菲亚·海德薇公主，建立婚姻联盟，但1700年，这一计划被放弃。1700年，与普鲁士的腓特烈·威廉一世进行了婚姻谈判，但没有达成任何结果。[2]这些计划即将付诸实施，但遭到了她的兄弟毫无动机的破坏。她后来成为普鲁士路易莎·乌尔里卡的教母，以她的名字命名为乌尔里卡。
1702年，有人提议与未来的大不列颠国王乔治二世结婚，但被推迟，最终没有结果。[1]萨克斯哥达的约翰·威廉公爵得到了她哥哥的允许，向她求婚，但在他与安德斯·拉格克罗纳在君主面前决斗后，婚姻计划被中断。[1]1710年，她收到了黑塞王子弗雷德里克的求婚。谈判由她最喜欢的红颜知己德本主持。这桩婚姻得到了她的祖母海德薇·埃莱诺拉的支持，因为女太后认为这将迫使乌尔丽卡·埃莱诺拉离开瑞典前往黑森，从而增加了乌尔丽卡·埃莱诺拉的姐姐、荷尔斯泰因-戈托普的查尔斯的儿子成为王位继承人的机会。1714年1月23日宣布订婚，1715年3月24日举行婚礼。在婚礼上，她的兄弟查尔斯十二世说：“今晚，我的妹妹正在跳舞夺冠。”
1715年她祖母去世后，她成为宫廷的中心，这是她一生中最幸福的时期之一。1715年，她嫁给了黑森-卡塞尔藩侯弗雷德里克一世。这场对她来说是一场爱情的婚姻，成为了另一次利用她作为政治傀儡的企图。弗雷德里克娶她是为了登上王位，并立即开始策划让她指定继承人来代替她的侄子。“黑森党”和“荷尔斯泰因党”在争夺王位的斗争中相互对立。
1708年，姐姐海德薇格·索菲亚去世后，乌尔丽卡·埃莱诺拉的处境开始发生变化。乌尔丽卡·埃莱诺拉成为瑞典王室中唯一一位成年成员，她的祖母、太后海德薇·埃莱诺拉除外。早在1712年末，查理十二世就曾想过在他不在的时候让她成为摄政王。皇家委员会说服她出席他们的会议并给予支持。1713年11月2日，她出席了她的第一次会议，并决定召集议会宣布她的摄政王以她最接近王位继承人的身份。[1]1713年，在国王不在的时候， *** 和她的祖母任命了她的摄政王，因此她成了许多大国争夺影响力的棋子，而这个国家没有正式的推定继承人或明显的继承人。[1]现在的选择是在乌里卡·埃莱诺拉和她的侄子之间。她作为摄政王和议会主席的加入受到了极大的热情。瑞典议会反对她的兄弟，因为他们想废除绝对君主制，恢复自己的权力。作为摄政王，她不断地向自己通报国家事务，并敦促她的兄弟返回，警告他如果不这样做的话会有什么影响。在他的允许下，她在所有国家事务文件上签字，除了亲自写给他的文件。然而，她认为自己只是她兄弟的代表，因此没有提出自己的建议。作为他的妹妹，在战争期间，她曾多次询问她的兄弟是否可以去看望他，但从未被允许。[1]1716年，她在瓦兹泰纳度过了16年后，第一次见到了她的兄弟，之后的最后一次是1718年，在克里斯汀汉姆。
女王
1718年12月5日，乌尔丽卡·埃莱诺拉收到了她哥哥查尔斯十二世去世的消息。从未有人声称她事先知道她丈夫的助手安德烈·西克雷涉嫌参与此事，但她确实立即宣布自己是乌德瓦拉的君主，声称她继承了王位。安理会对此感到意外，没有提出异议。她控制了国家事务，并让格奥尔格·海因里希·冯·格尔茨及其追随者下台。“黑森党”确保了乌尔里卡·埃莱诺拉的王位继承权。他们获得了议会反对党的支持，他们希望结束1680年建立的绝对君主制，恢复议会统治。1718年12月15日，她宣布，尽管她继承了王位，但她并不打算保留加洛林专制主义，而是同意恢复旧制度。战争委员会决心废除专制主义和继承王位的权利，但愿意承认她是民选君主。他们的意见得到了庄园议会多数议员的支持。乌尔丽卡·埃莱诺拉被迫同意废除绝对君主制和王位继承权，这对她和她的竞争对手、她的侄子查尔斯·弗雷德里克、霍尔斯泰因·戈托普公爵都是如此。在同意以君主身份签署新宪法后，她于1719年1月23日当选为女王。2月19日，她签署了 *** 文书（1719年），从而确保各遗产的支持，不将王位授予她的侄子和竞争对手。1719年3月17日，她在乌普萨拉大教堂加冕，并于同年4月11日正式以君主身份进入斯德哥尔摩。在斯德哥尔摩举行的仪式上，她接见了王位继承人的遗产。这一次，她表明她知道她的追随者是谁。当她接见贵族时，她只允许他们的代表戴上手套亲吻她的手，而其他代表则可以不戴手套亲吻她的手。乌尔丽卡·埃莱诺拉从未独自完成过这个国家的传统旅行——埃里克斯加塔。相反，她在1722年弗雷德里克加冕典礼后与他达成了协议。
她的统治发生在大北方战争结束前。1719年夏天的8月，在1719-1721年的俄国掠夺期间，俄国舰队袭击了首都斯德哥尔摩。尽管袭击仍在进行，但乌尔丽卡·埃莱诺拉还是强迫她的朝臣参加了英国大使馆之前接受的招待会，“在数百英里内都没有敌人在场的情况下，毫无动静”，这被认为是令人印象深刻的勇气之举。她最喜欢的朝臣是她的老护士Emerentia von Düben（1669-1743），她在1707年被封为贵族并成为候补夫人，她一生都与她保持着密切的关系。杜本充当她的顾问、安慰和支持，据说没有滥用她的影响力——他们被描述为姐妹。在她短暂的统治期间，为了确保她的统治得到支持，她使许多家庭变得高贵。在15个月的时间里，她使181人成为贵族，比瑞典历史上任何一位君主都多；每个月一个伯爵，两个男爵和八个小贵族。她有七名陆军元帅，而她哥哥只有三至五名。乌尔里卡·埃列奥诺拉事实上支持绝对君主制。她同意新宪法只是为了从侄子手中夺取王位，她与议会的关系也不好。她与枢密院院长阿维德·霍恩以及他的继任者古斯塔夫·克罗尼厄姆发生了冲突。霍恩因 *** 辞职。霍恩批评她与丈夫讨论国家事务，追问她是否会尊重宪法，并侮辱她说“在一个女性团的领导下”没有什么比这更好的了。这些冲突对战争和国家事务产生了有害影响。
乌尔丽卡·埃莱诺拉支持她的配偶的政治野心，从一开始，她就希望他以威廉三世和玛丽二世的方式成为她的共同君主。然而，议会不允许这样做。其中一个原因是，自15世纪以来，瑞典一直禁止共同统治。议会中也有人反对Emerentia von Düben及其兄弟姐妹对国家事务的影响。[4]她尊重宪法的困难和与议会相处的困难，以及她与丈夫不断讨论国家事务的方式，然而，如果她退位，瑞典议会愿意以弗雷德里克取代她成为唯一的君主，这一想法得到了弗雷德里克的支持。1720年2月29日，在再次被剥夺共同君主制之后，乌尔丽卡·埃列诺拉退位支持她的丈夫，条件是如果丈夫死在她之前，她应该继承他。事实上，这种退位条件使她成为瑞典王位的继承人，直到去世。
这一继承得到议会的确认。她经常说退位是她一生中最大的牺牲。弗雷德里克于1720年3月24日接替她。
王后
她丈夫的统治开始于传统上被称为自由时代的时期，当时君主制的大部分权力被议会制度夺走。作为女王配偶，她退出了私人生活。乌尔丽卡·埃莱诺拉是为了爱情而结婚的，众所周知，她对弗雷德里克忠心耿耿。起初，乌里卡·埃列奥诺拉和弗雷德里克之间的关系被描述为幸福的关系，在弗雷德里克成为君主之前，他把自己限制在她的配偶的角色上。在1715年和1718年两次流产后，至少直到1724年，女王表示希望能生下一个继承人，但最终她的婚姻没有孩子。[5]弗雷德里克国王建议将他的兄弟和他的家族置于黑森家族的继承人行列中，尽管这一尝试没有成功，乌尔丽卡·埃莱诺拉支持这一选择，而不是她的外甥荷尔斯坦因-戈托普公爵。
王后乌尔丽卡·埃利奥诺拉在其配偶统治期间深受欢迎，一方面是作为旧皇室的最后一位成员，另一方面是因为她个人的虔诚。[6]她意识到这赋予了她影响政策的权力，当她让自己的意见为人所知时，它经常被效仿。[6]这种影响是公认的。例如，在1738年的议会期间，当卡尔·古斯塔夫·特辛被选为一个职位时，王后表达了她的不满，这导致了公众 *** ，直到特辛在皇宫受到接待并被允许裸吻王后的手， *** 才平息下来，她向他保证她无意干涉。
乌里卡·埃列奥诺拉和弗雷德里克的关系在他成为国王后发生了变化，据说当她给了他王冠时，她给了他自由。[7]弗雷德里克国王有情妇，1723年失去了大部分皇室权力后，他的婚外情增加了。
1734年，弗雷德里克成为瑞典历史上第一位拥有正式情妇的国王，贵族妇女赫德维格·塔贝被授予赫斯森斯坦伯爵夫人的头衔。乌尔丽卡·埃利奥诺拉向她的名誉密友冯·杜本[4]表达了她的不满，后者说服她永远不要对这件事做出任何公开反应，因为这有损女王的尊严，她的地位是不可侵犯的：“当月亮沿着它的路线在天空上运行时，不必理会狗的叫声，那么，女王陛下是否应该鄙视这一不幸而盲目的承诺所引发的流言蜚语呢？“[1]说服乌尔丽卡·埃莱诺拉不要公开表达她对他 *** 的不满，冯·杜本名誉法官也受到了弗雷德里克国王的青睐。[4]乌尔丽卡·埃列奥诺拉多年来一直严格遵守不公开她对 *** 的感受的政策。在婚外情开始时，有一次她甚至公开与赫德维格·塔贝同行，以维护丈夫的名誉。
1738年议会大厦期间，议会大厦内的神职人员大厦提出了国王 *** 的问题，并于1739年4月3日向国王递交了一封 *** 信。[6]大主教已经就此事与女王进行了私下谈话，在此期间，女王为国王的 *** 和她对陶贝家族的失望而哀叹。[6]神职人员财产指出了国王在1720年的宣誓，当时国王在女王为他让位后继承了瑞典王位，他在宣誓中承诺：“爱、尊敬和尊重我最值得尊敬的配偶，全能的公主乌尔里卡·埃列奥诺拉[…]宣布这些遗产不受效忠誓言的约束，如果我违背了这一誓言和保险”[6]事实上，如果国王不尊重女王，就宣布他被废黜。4月26日，国王表示希望前往黑塞。有传言说他计划与陶贝在那里永久定居。[6]有传言说女王的追随者策划了政变。计划是让国王与陶贝一起离开，让王后在他不在的情况下担任瑞典摄政王。[6]在他离开后，女王的追随者会向她出示国王秘密与陶贝结婚的证据，期待女王考虑解除婚姻并同意复辟君主身份作为回应。[6]这场计划中的政变从未发生过；国王从未提出前往黑森的请求。
在1740-1741年的议会选举期间，这个问题再次被提出。在这一点上，女王的态度发生了变化，1738年的议会期间已经观察到了这种变化的迹象。[6]乌尔丽卡·埃莱诺拉不表达她对弗雷德里克 *** 的厌恶的政策在她最后几年被削弱，可能是由于陶贝作为官方情妇的独特地位，因为这件事的长期性，也因为他们有孩子。据报道，她改变行为的另一个原因是，作为一名东正教路德会教徒，她关心国王的灵魂。[6]尽管她对1738年议会期间被废黜的另一位议会领袖表示同情，当提到赫德维格·塔贝父亲的不幸时，她笑了。[6]在法庭上主持她的伴娘西格丽德·邦德的婚礼时，她忽略了邀请塔贝、吉勒堡和斯帕雷家族（赫德维格·塔贝最后两位已知的支持者），尽管法庭礼仪预计他们会被包括在内，当Taube的著名支持者、新的riksråd Carl Sparre在出席新 *** 成员大会时被介绍给她时，她明显地退休了，[6]女王乌尔丽卡·埃列奥诺拉的不满对议会来说并不是一件小事：不仅因为女王的声望，还因为女王退位支持国王，条件是如果国王死在她之前，她将继承国王，使女王成为王位继承人的条件
1741年议会上院期间，国王的 *** 问题第二次由神职人员在议会上提出，这次是由埃里克·本泽利厄斯主教提出的，他将这一问题称为“女王已经宣布”他们应该提出的问题，为了“让王后的悲痛之心得到安息”[6]发表了一份正式的 *** 声明，声明提醒国王在女王退位时要始终尊重女王，整个王国都在哀悼女王的悲痛，并关心国王的灵魂福祉。从神职人员庄园任命了两个代表团：一个给国王，一个给赫德维格·塔贝。[6]1741年7月，在国王的会议厅向国王宣读了该声明。国王愤怒地作出反应，拒绝接受这一声明，并表示各庄园议会已向他承诺不干涉他的私生活。在他们第二次尝试时，他被迫接受了这份声明。当乌尔丽卡·埃列奥诺拉被告知与国王、王后会面的结果时，她坚持计划中的驻赫德维格·托贝大使馆也将按照计划执行，并对主教的犹豫不决做出了回应：“当你们牧师追随你们的呼召和良心时，你最好这样做，不必担心其他事情。”[6]这次，赫德维格·塔贝为她辩护说，她从来没有意识到女王有任何负面反应。[6]
乌尔丽卡·埃莱诺拉担任摄政王：1731年弗雷德里克第一次缺席，1738-1739年第二次生病。1731年5月，弗雷德里克前往黑塞州访问时，她被宣布为摄政王，并一直统治到他秋天回来。1738年，在弗雷德里克病入膏肓，濒临死亡，无力执政之际，遗产管理局要求她接受摄政。1738年至1739年新年前夕之前，她及时接受了这项任务并处理国家事务。在她的第二次摄政期间，她禁止新成立的瑞典剧院进入波尔赫斯特[8] 她的理由是神职人员反对剧院。[8]然而，剧院在第二年被修复。
Ulrika Eleonora对珠宝和音乐感兴趣。她喜欢参加宫廷舞会上的舞蹈，尽管宗教上的顾虑使她在这一问题上产生了矛盾，但她也聘请了德国和法国的戏剧公司在波尔胡塞特演出。她非常虔诚，能够打断议会会议进行祈祷。类似地，在法庭上，她可以询问女性初次接触圣经的人，奖励她们正确的答案。她严肃地保持着皇室的自尊心，以假装生病而闻名，当她感到受到侮辱时，她拒绝离开自己的住所。人们经常提到她对德本荣誉勋章的依赖，但她还有几个朋友，其中包括赫德维格·莫尔纳，还有她儿时的朋友安娜·弗莱明，她是她等待了三十年的夫人。
1741年，乌尔丽卡·埃莱诺拉王后死于天花。有传闻说她中毒了，但当她在公众照明的 *** 中看到自己的疾病痕迹时，这些传闻被压制了下来。由于她是王位继承人，她的去世标志着继承危机的开始。
