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2022 fifa world cup(2022 12月黄道吉日)

✅对话一

- M: Welcome to Money Matters,a weekly program that helps you manage your money.

男: 欢迎来到。每周节目(帮助你 管理你的金钱)

欢迎来到Money Matters,这是一个帮助你管理金钱的每周节目

dsaf

Tonight, lll be talking to Mary Johnson about budgeting.

今晚,我 将 开始讨论 to M 关于预算

W: Hello, everyone.

女:大家好。

M:Theres a magic about money, when its not planned for,tracked, and kept a record of,it literally disappears.

存在一个魔力 关于金钱,当 它没有被计划 来追踪,被记录,它 确实地 消失了。

What are some of the steps we can take to prevent this from happening?

什么 是 一些步骤(我们 可以 采取 来 阻止 这 from 发生)

W: Well, its all about keeping track of your money.

很好,它是都是 关于 追踪你的金钱。

If you dont do that, youl never be able to set any goals for your budget or have the discipline to stick to them.

如果你不这样做,你将永远无法为你的预算设定任何目标或有纪律坚持它们。

如果你不这样做,你将 无法 能够 设定任何目标 for你的预算 or 有自制力 来坚持 to他们

M: Thats easier said than done. I read recently that only 41% of Americans adhere to a budget.

说起来容易做起来难。我最近读到,只有41%的美国人坚持预算。

那是 更容易说的 than 做。我阅读 最近地 that 仅仅41 of美国人 坚持to a预算。

that is easier said than done .read that adhere to a budget

W: Yes, but knowing what you earn and what you spend can give you reassurance that you wont get into debt in the first place.

是的,但是知道你赚了多少钱,花了多少钱可以让你确信你不会在一开始就负债。

是的,但了解 what你的收入 and what你的支出 可以给你 放心that(你 不会 负债 in一开始)

knowing what you earn can give you reassurance get into debtin the first place

You can do this by adding up all of your sources of income you have, and writing them all down on a piece of paper.

你可以把所有的收入来源加起来,写在一张纸上。

你可以做这点 通过【加起来 所有of 你的来源of收入(你有)】,and 写 他们 都到 一张ofpaper

you can do this add up all of your sources income you have write them all down on on a piece of paper

On the same page, write down all of your monthly expenses.

在同一页上,写下你每个月的所有支出。

在 同一页,写下 所有of您的每月花销

on the same page write down +nall of your monthly expenses

M: Im always amazed at how much my expenses add up.

我总是惊讶于我的开支加起来有多少。

我 总是 吃惊的 在 (多少价格 我花费 增加up)

be amazed at宾语从句:how much my expenses add up

But designating each item as an income or an expense really helps me have a much better sense of all my spending.

但是把每一项列为收入或支出确实能帮助我更好地了解我的所有支出。

但是 标注每个项目 作为一个收入or一个支出 确切地 帮助我 有一个更好的感觉of 所有我的收支情况。

designate A as B=designating item as an income or an expense n helps me have a much better sense of all spending .=更好了解什么have a sense of

W:Right.Most people have no idea how much they spend each day, let alone each week or month,no matter how careful they are.

正确的。大多数人都不知道自己每天花了多少钱,更不用说每周或每月了,不管他们多么小心。

对的。大多数人 不知道(多少钱 他们花费 每天),更不用说 每周or每月,不管多么小心 他们是。

have no idea how much they spend each daylet alone+nno matter +宾语从句how careful they are

Next, subtract your monthly expenses from income.

接下来,减去 你的每个月的开支 from收入。

subtract your monthly expenses from income

If the result is positive, you are living within your means.

如果 结果是正,你 是正在生活 within你的金钱。

be living within your means.

If the result is a negative number, youre going to have to cut back on your spending.

如果结果是负数,你 是正在 不得不削减 on你的收支了。

be goning to have to cut back on your spending

M:Im usually a negative number.

我 是 通常 一个负数

l just cant resist the allure of all those prestigious goods.

我 仅仅 不能抗拒 诱惑of 所有那些的 名牌商品

cannt resist the allure of all those prestigious goods

W: Well, its not a catastrophe, but you do have to make some changes.

嗯嗯,这 是 不 一个灾难,但是 你 强调 必须 做一些改变

catastrophemake some changes

Try cutting back on those non-essential items,sell some stuff in your attic, or shop online to avoid unnecessary temptations like chocolate.

试着减少那些不必须的物品;卖 一些东西 在你的顶楼;购物网上 来避免 不必须的诱惑 像巧克力

cut back on shop online to avoid unnecessary temptationschocolate

Failing that, you can always fnd yourself a part-time job.

如果做不到,你可以给自己找一份 *** 工作。

失败那样,你 可以 总是 找到你自己 一份 *** 工作。

find yourself a part-time job

Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

请根据所听对话回答第 1-4 题。

Q 1: What does the man say about the weekly program?

什么 这个男 说 about每周节目

Q 2: What did the man read recently?

什么 这个男 阅读 最近地

Q 3: What does the woman suggest the man do frst to avoid getting into debt?

什么 这个女 建议 男人 do 首先 来避免负债。

Q 4:What does the woman say about online shopping?

什么 女人 说 about 网上购物

✅对话二

M:Hi there. Ive come to see the flat. My name is Mark Adams. We spoke on the phone on Wednesday.

嗨。我是来看房子的。我叫马克·亚当斯。我们周三通过电话。

嗨。这儿,我 来看这个公寓。我的名字 是mark。我们 说 在电话 在周三。

have come tospoke onthe phone

W:Hi Mark.Come on up.lll buzz you in.Green door, on the second floor on the right side.

嗨,马克。上来吧。我会让你进去的。绿色的门,在二楼右边。

嗨,来on 上。我会 吸引你 in 绿色的们,on 第二楼 on右边。

buzz you in

Nice to meet you, l spoke to all your references and they all checked out okay.

很高兴见到你,我跟你所有的推荐人都谈过了,他们都没问题。

很高兴遇到你。我 说to所有您的推荐人 and 他们所有检查 没问题。

your references

So let me show you around.

所以 让我 展示你 周围。

let me show you around.

The place actually belongs to my mother,but her health isnt great,so we fnally managed to persuade her to

move in with us and rent this old place out.

这个地方 实际上 属于我妈妈,but 她的健康 不是好的。所以 我们 最后 设法说服她 去搬家 在with我们 and 租这个老地方 出去。

belongs to her health isnt great

M: Its a great size,plenty of space, very versatile. I think its a winner for us.

它是 一个大的尺寸,充足的空间,非常 多用途。我认为(它是 一个赢家 for我们)

versatileit is a winner

W: Yes. All the appliances are brand new.Theres a washing machine and a tumble dryer in the utility room

next to the kitchen.

是的。所有电器 是品牌 新的。存在 一个洗衣机and一个滚筒 烘干机 in多功能房间 旁边to厨房。

applianceall the appliancesa washing machinea tumble dryerin the utility roomnext to the kitchen

M: Lots of closet space too, which is fabulous.

许多壁橱空间 也,(which 是 绝好的)

fabulous

My wife has a ridiculous number of shoes.

我的妻子 有 一个 可笑的数量of 鞋子。

ridiculous

Now, the big question:What about noise and the neighbors?

最大的问题是:噪音和邻居呢?

现在,最大的问题:什么about 噪音and邻居。

W: Well, all the neighbors are elderly, so no noisy kids, and the back of the house overlooks a clear and peaceful pond, so its perfect if tranquility is what you are looking for.

嗯,所有的邻居都是老人,所以没有吵闹的孩子,房子的后面俯瞰着一个清澈宁静的池塘,所以如果你正在寻找宁静,这里是完美的。

嗯嗯,所有邻居 是 老人,所以 没有吵闹的孩子,and 后面of房子 眺望 一个清澈and平静的池塘,所以 它是完美 if 安静是(什么 你是寻找的)

the back of the house tranquilitywhat you are looking for

M:Thats good news. Weve been living in a less than glamorous part of Aberdeen , constantly harassed day

and night by noisy neighbors.

那是好消息。我们 正在生活in 一个 不那么迷人的地方of阿伯丁,持续地 嘈杂的 白天和黑夜 by嘈杂的邻居。

a less than glamorous part

Getting to work was a nightmare too.As we only have one car.And my wife has to use it as she works nights

at the hospital.

上班是噩梦 也。因为我们仅仅 有一辆车。我的妻子必须用它 因为她 工作晚上 at医院。

get to work

w: Well, if you like the place, its yours, as soon as l get a contract drawn up with the solicitor.

嗯嗯,如果你喜欢这个地方,它是你的房子,只要 我得到一个合同 被拟定with律师

contract drawn up with the solicitor.

The frst months rent and a deposit are mandatory on signing the contract, then we can work out when is

the best day for you to pay rent each month.

签订合同时必须支付第一个月的租金和押金,然后我们可以计算出您每月支付租金的最佳日期。

第一个月的租金 and 一份押金 是强制的 on签订合同,然后 我们可以确定 当 是最好的日子 for你 去支付租金 每月。

depositmandatorywhen is the best day to pay rent each month

M: WeIl be incredibly happy to be your new tenants.

我们 将 非常高兴 成为您的新房客。

be incredibly habby todo

Thank you so much.

太谢谢你了。

My wife will be thrilled to get out of the shabby place we are now in and start filling those wardrobes with all

those shoes.

我的妻子 将be高兴 to离开 破地方,我们 现在 in and开始 填满 那些衣柜 with 所有那些鞋子。

be thrilled todo

Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

请根据所听对话回答第 5-8 题。

Q 5:What does the woman say about the flat?

什么 女士说 关于公寓。

Q 6: What is the mans chief consideration in looking for a flat?

什么 主要考虑 in找公寓

chief considerationlook for a flat

Q 7: What does the man have to do on signing the contract?

什么 男人必须做 on签合同

Q8:Why does the man say his wife will feel very excited if they move into the flat?

为什么 那人说 他妻子将感觉非常激动 if 他们搬进公寓。

passage one

A new study has found a positive correlation between how much television children watch and their parents

stress levels.

一个新的研究已经发现,一个正相关 多少电视 孩子看 and 他们的父母的压力水平。

a positive correlation betweenhow much television children watch

Why?

为什么呢?

Because the more television kids watch,the more theyre exposed to advertising.

因为孩子们看电视越多,他们接触到广告的机会就越多。

越多 电视(孩子看的),越多 他们暴露 to广告。

be exposed to advertising

The more advertising they see, the more likely they are to insist on purchasing items when they go with their

parents to the store.

他们看到的广告越多,当他们和父母一起去商店时,他们就越有可能坚持购买商品。

越多广告(他们看),越多 可能地 他们是 to坚持购买东西 when 他们 去with他们父母 to商店。

越多 他们看====英文喜欢先说结论be to do sth

This could generate conflict if the parents refuse.

这可能产生冲突 如果父母拒接

条件状语从句,时间状语从句。。===其实就是英文喜欢先说结果,再说来由原因等。

All that,researchers say, can contribute to parents overall stress levels.

所有那些,研究人说,可以 导致 父母的整体压力水平。

contribute to====-原因导致结果overall stress levels

Whats the solution?

什么 是解决。

Perhaps the most obvious is curtailing screen time.

也许最明显的是减少屏幕时间。

也许 最明显 是缩短屏幕时间。

curtail screen time

Commercial content is there for a reason:to elicit purchasing behavior, so parents might want to shut off the

TV.

商业广告 是 这儿 因为一个原因:引发 购买的行为,所以 父母可能想要 to关闭电视。

shut off the TV

Researchers can see that this is easier said than done.So they suggest another option.

研究人员可以 看到that(这是容易说的 than做)。所以 他们建议另一个选择。

I can see that

Parents can change how they talk to their kids about purchases.

父母可以改变他们与孩子谈论购买的方式。

父母可以改变(如何 他们 交流 to孩子 关于购物)

The researchers suggest that parents seek input from their children on family purchasing decisions.

研究人员 建议that(父母 寻求 意见 from 孩子 在家庭购买决定 )

They shouldnt try to control all purchases.

他们不应该试图控制 所有的购买

purchase

Instead,parents might tell their children things like: l will listen to your advice on certain products or brands.

相反,父母应该告诉他们的孩子 事物 like:我将会 听取 你的建议 on某一个产品or名牌。

might

This type of communication,the researchers assert, can lead to children making fewer purchasing demands

- that means less parentsstress.

这类of交流,研究人断言,可以 让孩子提出 更少的购物要求-这意味更少的父母压力。

can

this type of communication使役动词===后面接宾补lead to *** making fewer purchasing demands

However, the protective effect of this kind of communication diminishes with greater exposure to television.

然而,保护效果of这类交流 减少 with越多暴露to电视。

diminish

This is because advertising aimed at children is especially persuasive.

这是因为 广告(针对 孩子)是 特别地 说服力。

is

advertising aimed at *** persuasive persuade

Advertisers use an assortment of tactics,such as bright colors,happy music, and celebrity endorsements to

appeal to children.

广告商 用 一个 各种 策略,例如 鲜艳颜色,欢乐歌曲,名人背书 来 吸引to 儿童。

use

an assortment of tacticscelebrity endorsement利用颜色,歌曲,名人等一系列策略 来吸引儿童=====其实跟汉语英语也是可以共通的。

Plus, children dont have the cognitive ability to fully understand advertisings intent.

另外,儿童 没有 认知能力 来 充分理解 广告的意图。

have

没有认知 来干嘛

That makes them particularly vulnerable to advertisements.---收到广告的伤害。

这使得它们特别容易受到广告的影响。------【这句话竟然有动作的施加者。】

这 使 他们 特别地 受伤 to广告。

make

让他们 更容易受伤 做某事make them particularly vulnerable todo

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.

请根据所听文章回答第 9-11 题。

Q 9: What has the new study found about children watching television?

什么 有 新的研究发现 关于儿童看电视。

find

Q10:What are parents advised to do to reduce the impact of TV commercials?

什么 是 父母 建议做 来减少 电视广告的影响。

be

Q11: What makes children particularly vulnerable to TV commercials?

什么 让 孩子 特别地受伤的 to电视广告

make

passage two

Everyone is supposed to cheer for good guys,and we should only punish the bad guys.

每个人 应该 喝彩 for好人,and 我们 应该 只惩罚 坏人。

be;should

be supposed todo

But thats not what we always do.

但是 这 不是 (什么 我们 总是 做)

be

Most of the time, we do indeed reward good people.

大多数时间,我们 确实真正地 奖励 好人。

reward

We also often punish people who harm others, or who arent good team players.

我们 也经常 惩罚 人们(谁 伤害 他人,or 谁 不是 好团队合作的人)

punish

But sometimes the good guys also get punished or criticized,specifcally because they are so good.

但是 有时候 好人 也收到惩罚or批评,特别因为 他们 是 太好。

get punished

This seems baffling because its detrimental to group cooperation.

这 似乎 困惑ing 因为 这 是不利的 对于团队合作。

seem

baffling

However, the phenomenon has been discovered in multiple fields, and it has been found in every society.

然而,这现象 有被发现 在多个领域,and 它 有被发现 在每个社会。

be

Why does this happen?

为什么 这个的发生

Research suggests a simple reason.

研究 表明 一个简单的原因。

suggest

When one person looks really good, others look bad by comparison.

当 一个人 看起来 非常好,其他人 看起来 差 相比

look

Those others then have an incentive in stopping that person from looking good, especially if they cant or

wont compete.

那些其他人 然后 就有 一种动力 in阻止 那个人 远离看的不错,特别 如果 他们 不能or不愿 竞争。

have

After all, were all judged in comparison with others.

毕竟,我们 是都 评判 在比较他人中。

be

When faced with someone better,what can a normal person do?

当 面对 人更好,什么 可以 一个正常人 做

can

One option is to actively compete.

一个 选择 是 积极地竞争。

be

A second option is to bring that person down.

一个第二选择 是 带那个人下去。

be

That is to suppress their cooperation or work ethic,and frst selfish motives for their actions or imply real or

imagined hypocrisy.

那就是压制他们的合作或职业道德,为他们的行为提供自私的动机或暗示真实或想象的虚伪。

那就是 打压他们的团队or职业道德,and 首先 自私的动机 为了他们的行为or暗示 真实or构想的虚伪

be

be todosuppress cooperation

Other tactics include attacking them on unrelated dimensions or punishing them outright.

其他策略 包括 攻击 他们 在不相关的方面 or 惩罚 他们 直接

Why does this matter?

为什么 这个的重要

matter

Critics often attack the motives of people who protect the environment, donate money, or work too hard.

批评家 经常 攻击 动机of人们(保护环境,捐钱,or工作努力)

attack

Such gooddeeds are di *** issed as naive or hypocritical by those who do not perform those deeds.

这种善举被那些不做这些事的人斥为幼稚或虚伪。

这种 善举 被开除 作为幼稚or虚伪 by那些人(谁 没有做 那些事情)

be

hypo criti calbe di *** issed aswho do not perform those deeds

This critici *** may ultimately discourage people from doing good deeds, so its important to recognize these

attacks for what they are.

这种批评最终可能会阻止人们做善事,因此重要的是要认识到这些攻击的本质。

这种批评 可能最终地劝阻 人们 远离做ing好事,所以 它 是 重要 来认识 这些攻击 for(什么 他们 是)

may

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.

请根据听到的文章回答第 12-15题。

Q12: What baffling phenomenon is discussed in the passage?

什么 困惑的现象 被讨论 在文中。

be

Q 13: How are we all judged according to the passage?

如何 是 我们 所有被评判 根据文中

be

Q14:What can a normal person do when faced with people who perform better?

什么 可以 一个正常人 做 当 面对 人们(谁 表现 更好)

can

people who perform better====人(表现更好)--表现更好的这个人

Q15:What may discourage people from performing good deeds?

什么 可以 阻止 人们 远离 做 好事。

may

section c

recording one

In America,most researchers concede that boys and girls are brought up in different ways, taught different

skills,and rewarded for different acts.

在美国,大多数研究人员承认,男孩和女孩以不同的方式长大,教授不同的技能,并因不同的行为而获得奖励。

在美国,大多数研究人 承认 that(男孩和女孩 被扶养长大 in不同方式,被教 不同的技能,and 被奖励for 不同的行为)

concede;be

concedebe brought up

Women, it is agreed, excel at certain tasks, men at others.

女性,它 被同意,擅长 at某种任务,男性 at其他。

excel

There is little argument that some personality traits appear more dominant in one sex than in the other.

几乎没有争议表明,某些人格特质在一种性别中似乎比在另一种性别中更占主导地位。

存在 很少的论据 that(某些人的人格特性 表现 更主导 in一个性别 than in另一个)

apper

there is little argument thatpersonality traitsappear more dominant in one sex than in the other.

All of this notwithstanding,gender differences are very much in the media these days.

尽管如此,如今媒体上仍然存在性别差异。

所有of这尽管如此,,性别差异 是 非常大 in媒体 目前

be

all of this notwithstanding

Since the rise of the womens movement, gender role behavior has come under closer scrutiny.

自妇女运动兴起以来,性别角色行为受到更严格的审查。

自从 兴起of女性的运动,性别角色行为 已经收到 under密切的关注。

has

since the rise of sthhave come closer scrutiny

How has this affected friendship? How do the sexes differ in their friendship relations?

这对友谊有何影响?两性在友谊关系上有何不同?

怎样 已经 这 影响 友谊。怎样 两性 不同 in他们的友谊关系中。

has;differ

Most preteen children have a best friend who is usually someone of the same sex and similar age.

大多数青春期前的孩子都有一个最好的朋友,他通常是同性别和年龄相仿的人。

大多数青春期孩子 有 一个好朋友(谁 是 通常地 人of相同性别and相似年纪)

have

preteen children定语从句,如果在从句句子中做主语。翻译为,青春期的孩子有一个(通常相同性别和年龄的 这种 朋友)

Both sexes share an essentially positive recollection of these childhood friendships.

两性 分享 一个本质上积极的回忆of这些童年友谊

share

positive recollection

They do not differ in this respect.

他们 没有 不同 in这些方面。

differ

in this respect

However, the type of play engaged in during these early friendships is telling of the difference to come.

然而,在这些早期友谊中参与的游戏类型正在说明即将到来的不同。

然而,这类of参与 in期间这些早期友谊 正在讲诉 不同 to未来

is telling of to come----即将

Boys tend to form play groups that are competitive in nature.

男生 倾向于 形成游戏团体(具有竞争 in性质)

男孩倾向于形成具有竞争性质的游戏团体。

tend

是一种竞争性质的 这种游戏团体。play groups that are competitive in nature.

Girlsgroups more frequently revolve around cooperative enterprises.

女孩群体 更经常 围绕合作企业。

revolve

revolve旋转 细想revolve around 围绕

Thus, at an early age, boys become concerned with trying hard and winning.

因此,at很小的时候,男孩 开始 关心努力ing尝试 and取胜ing。

become

concerned withtrying hard and winning

While girls, by contrast,play house and school, engaging in roles that require complementary support.

相比之下,女孩则在家庭和学校玩耍,从事需要补充支持的角色。

而女孩,相比之下,玩家and学校,参加角色that(要求补充支持)

play

engage in=从事that require complementary support

Speaking of their childhood, men recall being highly responsive to and aware of the gender role opinions of other boys.

谈到他们的童年,男人 回忆 是ing高敏感 and意识到性别角色观点of其他男孩

谈到他们的童年,男性回忆起他们对其他男孩的性别角色观点高度敏感并意识到了这一点。

recall

speaking of their childhood

Girls in preteen years appear to be less susceptible to gender role pressure.

女孩 in青春期 似乎不太容易受影响 to性别角色压力。

appear

sus cept iblegender role pressure

It is not until the dating years that women report being concerned with feminine behavior.

它是 直到约会的年岁that(女性报告 是关心with 女性化行为)

report

Males, for the most part,are responsive to the suggestion that their behavior is unmanly at almost any age.

在大多数情况下,男性对他们的行为几乎在任何年龄都是不男子气概的建议做出反应。

男性,for大多数部分,是 反应to 暗示that(他们的行为 是不男子气概的 at几乎任何年龄)

be

at almost any agebe responsive to

These early attitudes reinforced by social conditioning continue to play an active part in the friendships of both sexes during adolescence.

这些早期态度(被强化 by社会条件)继续发挥积极作用 in友谊of两性 during青春期。

这些由社会条件强化的早期态度在青春期的男女友谊中继续发挥着积极作用。

continue

This is a period when the majority of males once again report a close alliance with same-sex friends.

这是一个时期when(大多数男性 曾经再次报告 一个紧密联盟 with同性朋友)

这一时期,大多数男性再次报告与同性朋友紧密结盟。

be

Now, however, with heightened intensity,considerable energy is devoted, to competing for position and a definite undercurrent of competition permeates the relationship.

现在,然而,with高强度的提高,相当多的能量 被投入,去竞争 for地位 and 一个明确的暗流of竞争 渗透 这种关系。

然而,现在,随着强度的提高,相当多的精力被投入到竞争地位上,竞争的暗流渗透到这种关系中。

be

明确的暗流

Although in dissimilar fashion,females share equally fragile relationships at this age.

尽管 in不同的时尚,女性 共担相同脆弱的关系 at这个年龄。

尽管方式不同,但女性在这个年龄段的关系同样脆弱。

share

For them, the bond of loyalty extends only to the line of romantic involvement.

对他们来说,纽带of忠诚 延伸 仅仅 to关系of浪漫的恋爱

对她们来说,忠诚的纽带只延伸到浪漫的关系。

extend

This is most apt to be the case in late adolescence, when dating and relationships with boys take sharp precedence over sisterhood.

这 是 最容易to是发生 in晚期的青春期,当 约会和关系with男孩 采取更优先于 姐妹关系

这种情况在青春期晚期最容易发生,此时与男孩的约会和关系比姐妹关系更重要。

be

be apt to betake sharp precedence over

Actually,dating dilutes the intensity of same-sex friendships for men also.

事实上,约会 冲淡 强度of同性朋友 for男人 也。

事实上,约会也冲淡了男性同性友谊的强度。

dilute

For the majority of us, the moment we begin to date seriously, theres a competition between romance and friendship.

对大多数的我们,时候(我们 开始 约会 认真地),存在 一个竞争 浪漫and友谊。

对我们大多数人来说,当我们开始认真约会的时候,浪漫和友谊之间就有了竞争。

be

the majority of us

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.

请根据所听录音回答第 16-18 题。

Q16: What does the speaker say about most preteen children?

什么 演讲者 说 关于大多数青春期的孩子。

问题 16:关于大多数青春期前的孩子,演讲者说了什么?

say

Q17:What do most males devote much of their energy to during adolescence?

什么 大多数男人 投入 大量of精力 to 在青春期间。

问题 17:大多数男性在青春期投入了大量精力做什么?

devote

Q18:What do children do when they reach late adolescence?

什么 孩子做 当他们 到了 后期的青春。

问题 18:孩子到了青春期后期会做什么?

do

recording two

Good afternoon.

下午好。

In todays lecture, weIl be talking about how and when to disclose a disability when applying for a job.

在今天的讲座,我们 将正讨论 关于如何and何时 披露残疾 当申请一个工作。

在今天的讲座中,我们将讨论在申请工作时如何以及何时披露残疾(的情况)。

be

how todo

On average,about 20% of the population has some form of disability.

平均,大约20of的人口 有 一些形式of残疾。

平均而言,大约 20% 的人口有某种形式的残疾。

has

some form of

Most countries these days have equal opportunity and non-discrimination laws.

大多数国家 如今 有相同机会and不区别的法律。

如今,大多数国家都有机会平等和不歧视的法律。

has

non-discrimination

Yet, disabled people often fnd it hard to decide when, how, and if at all, to raise their disability problem with a potential employer.

然而,残疾人 经常发现 它很难决定 何时,怎样and是否,to提出 他们的残疾问题 with一个潜在的雇主。

然而,残疾人往往发现很难决定何时、如何以及是否向潜在雇主提出他们的残疾问题。

find;

There is uncertainty about how a recruiter will perceive their disability.

存在不确定 关于(如何 招聘人员 会 认知他们的残疾 )

对于招聘人员如何看待他们的残疾,存在不确定性。

be

As such,many candidates fear they wouldnt be considered for a position as a result of disclosing this personal information.

因此,许多候选人 担心 (他们 不会被考虑 for一个职位 作为一个结果of披露个人的信息)

因此,许多候选人担心他们会因为披露这些个人信息而不被考虑录用。

fear

as a result of =because of

And research has validated this as a genuine concern for many job applicants.

研究已经证实 这 作为 一个真正的关心 for许多求职者。

研究证实这是许多求职者真正关心的问题。

has

Its a natural reaction,but it shouldnt be a reason to stay quiet.

这是 一个自然反应,但 它 不应该成为 一个理由to保持沉默

这是一种自然反应,但它不应该成为保持沉默的理由。

be

People need to remember that they are applying for a position they have the skills and experience to excel in.

人们需要记住that【他们 正在申请 一个职位(他们 有技能和经验 to表现出色 in)】

人们需要记住,他们正在申请一个他们有技能和经验的职位,并在其中表现出色。

need

people need to remember that

Discussing a disability with a potential employer may help them make reasonable workplace adjustments in their favor.

谈论ing 残疾with一个潜在雇主 可能帮助 他们 做合理的工作场景调整 in他们的优势。

与潜在雇主讨论残疾问题可能有助于他们做出对自己有利的合理工作场所调整。

may

Its most appropriate to discuss a disability when they reply to confrm an interview.

它是太合理的 to讨论残疾 当他们回应确认面试。

当他们回应确认面试时,讨论残疾并无不妥。

be

it is most appropriate to do

This information neednt be put upfront in their cover letter or resume because its probably not relevant to the position itself.

这些信息 不需要 被放在之前 in他们求职信or简历 因为 它可能 无关to 职位本身

这些信息不需要放在求职信或简历之前,因为它可能与职位本身无关。

need

be put upfront inbe relevant to

Candidates with disabilities should feel they have the power to make their own decisions around sharing this information free from prejudice.

候选人with残疾 应该感觉(他们 有权利 做决定 在周围 分享ing 这信息 免除偏见)

残疾候选人应有权力在分享这些信息时自己做出决定,不受偏见影响。

should

have the power todoshare this information

If they find an organization that doesnt celebrate diversity and inclusion,it could say a lot about the companys culture.

如果他们发现 一个组织(没有庆祝 多样性和包容性),它可以说 许多关于这个公司文化。

如果他们发现这是一个对多样性和包容性不加赞美的组织,这可能说明该公司的文化有很多问题。

find;could

it could say

Perhaps the organization isnt the right fnt.

也许 这个组织 不是正确的适合。

也许这个组织并不适合。

be

A isnt the right fit

Its important for them to remember that they are seeking a manager and employer thats going to be supportive and continue to give them a great employment experience.

它是重要的for他们 去记住that(他们正在寻找一个经理和雇主)那正将成为支持和继续给他们一个良好的就业体验

重要的是,他们要记住,他们正在寻找一个会支持他们并继续给他们提供良好就业体验的经理和雇主。

be;be

it is important for *** *** to remember that

Companies sometimes offer candidates the chance to disclose disabilities on their application form.

公司 有时会提供 候选人 机会 来披露 残疾on他们的申请表上。

公司有时会向求职者提供机会,让他们在申请表上披露残疾情况。

offer

But people shouldnt feel restricted by this method or timing.

但是 人们不应该感到限制 by这种方式or时机。

但是人们不应该感到被这种方法或时机所限制。

should

People should avoid sharing the name of their disability or condition.

人们应该避免分享ing名称of他们残疾or病情。

人们应避免分享其残疾或病情的名称。

should

There is always the risk that the recruiter will research information that is inaccurate or irrelevant.

存在风险(招聘将会研究信息(是不准确or不相关))

招聘人员总是有风险,他们会研究不准确或不相关的信息。

be

If people dont think their disability will impact their ability to perform in the advertised position, then its entirely their entitlement to choose when and whether to share this information.

如果 人们 认为(他们的残疾 不会影响到他们的能力 to表现 in广告的职位),那么 它是 完全 他们的权利 去选择 何时and何地 来分享这些信息。

如果人们认为他们的残疾不会影响他们在广告职位上的工作能力,那么他们完全有权选择何时以及是否分享这些信息。

think;will

if ,then

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.

请根据所听录音回答第 19-21 题。

Q19:Why do disabled job applicants feel reluctant to disclose their disability information?

为什么 残疾工作申请人 感到不愿 来透露他们的残疾信息

问题 19:为什么残疾求职者不愿意透露他们的残疾信息?

feel

feel reluctant todo

Q 20: When does the speaker suggest applicants reveal their disability information?

何时 演讲者建议 申请人透露残疾信息。

问题 20:演讲者建议申请人什么时候透露他们的残疾信息?

suggest

Q 21: What are people advised to do when flling out their job application form?

什么 是 人们 被建议去做 当填写他们的工作申请表。

问题 21:文章建议人们在填写工作申请表时做什么?

be、

Recording Three

录音 三

Smartphones distract attention and reduce learning because of their potential to offer activities more inviting

than studying.

智能手机分散注意力 and 减少学习 因为他们的潜在 to提供的活动 更吸引人than

智能手机分散了注意力,减少了学习(时间),因为它们会提供比学习更诱人的活动。

distract

inviting

But what about background sound alone?

但是 什么关于 背景因为 单独

但是单独的背景声音呢?

A group of American researchers compared studentscomprehension of verbal material when reading in the

presence of background speech,instrumental music,or general noise.

一组of美国研究人员 比较 学生的理解能力of口头材料 当阅读in存在of背景演讲,器乐音乐or一般噪音。

一组美国研究人员比较了学生在有背景演讲、器乐或一般噪音的情况下阅读口头材料的理解能力。

compare

in the presence of background speechinstrumental music general noise

General noise is neutral,such as that from the sound of an air conditioner or fan.

一般噪音是中性的,例如 来自声音of空调or风扇。

一般的噪音是中性的,例如来自空调或风扇的声音。

be

neutral

Studentsscores were most depressed in the presence of background speech.

学生的分数 最不景气的in存在of背景演讲。

在有背景讲话的情况下,学生的分数最为不佳。

be

depressed

Comprehension was slightly better with the presence of music than with speech.

理解力 是 稍好的 with存在of音乐 than with说话。

在有音乐的情况下,理解力比说话时(的背景音) 稍好。

be

However, when they were asked to identify melodies rather than understand text, background music

interfered more.

然而,当他们 被要求 去区别旋律 而不是理解文本时候,背景音乐 干扰 更多。

然而,当他们被要求识别旋律而不是理解文本时,背景音乐的干扰更大。

be

interfere

When the background speech was in a language unfamiliar to participants, there was little if any hindrance of

reading comprehension.

当(背景说话 是 in 一个语言 不熟悉的to参与者 ),存在极少 if任何阻碍of阅读理解。

当背景语言是参与者不熟悉的语言时,对阅读理解几乎没有任何阻碍。

be

if any

British researchers compared the effects of background speech,vocal music,instrumental music,general

background noise,and silence on short-term memory.

英国研究人员 比较 影响of背景演讲,声乐,器乐,一般背景噪音,and 静默on短期记忆。

英国研究人员比较了背景语言、声乐、器乐、一般背景噪音和静默对短期记忆的影响。

compare

先结论,后举例----这个直接没有such as

Background speech had the biggest negative effect.

背景演讲 有 最大负面效果。

背景演讲的负面影响最大。

have

Vocal music was slightly more disruptive than instrumental.

声乐 是 稍微更破坏 than 器乐。

声乐比器乐更具破坏性。

be

对比主语disruptive

In general, background noise and silence were least disruptive.

一般来讲,背景噪音and静默 是 最小的干扰

一般来说,背景噪音和静默的干扰性最小。

be

least--最小的

It seems the degree of interference from background noise depends on the overlap between the processing

required on the task and the processing required to screen out the background noise.

它似乎 程度of干扰 from背景噪音 取决于 重叠 处理要求on任务 and 处理要求to帅选出背景噪音。

背景噪音的干扰程度取决于任务所需的处理和筛选出背景噪音所需的处理之间的重叠。

seem;depend

the processing required----处理被需求-----所需的处理放在名词后面的非谓语动词处理方法

The studies suggest that when people read and when they try to remember any verbal material,background

speech will inhibit their ability.

研究表明that(当 人们阅读 and 当 他们试图记住一些口头材料,背景交谈 将会 抑制 他们的能力。)

研究表明,当人们阅读和试图记住任何口头材料时,背景语言会抑制他们的能力。

suggest;will

studies suggest that verbal

Instrumental music will have, at worst,a slight effect.

乐器音乐 将有,最坏,一点 轻微 影响。

乐器音乐最坏的情况下也会有一点影响。

will

When students write essays,however, other research has found it is best to reduce all background noise as

much as possible.

当(学生 写论文),然尔,其他研究 已经发现(它是最好 to减少 所有背景噪音 尽可能)

然而,当学生写论文时,其他研究发现最好尽可能减少所有背景噪音。

write;find

it is best todo

Not everyone reacts in the same way to distractions.

不是每个人 反应 in相同方式 to分心。

不是每个人对分心的反应都是一样的。

react

Other studies suggest some aspects of personality may make a difference.

其他研究表明(某些方面of性格 可能 有所影像)

其他研究表明,性格的某些方面可能会有所影响。

suggest;may

The researchers subjected shy, quiet people and confdent, outgoing ones to high arousal or low arousal

background music,general noise,or silence while asking them to remember words.

研究人员 将害羞,安静的人 and 自信,外向的人 to 高唤醒or低唤醒 背景音乐,一般噪音or静默 同时要求ing 他们 去记住单词。

研究人员将害羞、安静的人和自信、外向的人置于高唤醒或低唤醒的背景音乐、一般噪音或静默中,同时要求他们记住单词。

subject;

Everyone performed best in the silent condition.

每个人 表现 最好 in静默状态。

大家在静默状态下表现最好。

performed

But less sociable people were more negatively affected by each of the distractions.

但是 不善交际的人们 是 更消极影响的 by每个of干扰。

但不善交际的人受到每种干扰的负面影响都会更大。

be

So when children are reading and trying to incorporate new material,parents could consider allowing some

background music,particularly if it is instrumental and their child is the outgoing type.

因此,当 孩子们 正在阅读 and 正在试图 融入新的素材时候,父母 可以考虑 允许一些背景音乐,特别 如果 它是乐器 and 他们的孩子 是 外向类型。

因此,当孩子们阅读并试图融入新素材时,父母可以考虑允许一些背景音乐,特别是当背景音乐是器乐且他们的孩子是外向型 的时候。

be;could

incorporate

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.

请根据所听录音回答第 22-25 题。

Q22:What did some American researchers find about students reading comprehension in the presence of

background noise?

什么 一些美国研究发现 关于学生阅读理解能力 in存在of背景噪音。

问题 22:关于学生在背景噪音下的阅读理解,一些美国研究人员发现了什么?

find

Q23: What do we learn from the British researchers about the degree of interference from background

noise?

什么 我们 学习到 从英国研究者 关于程度of干扰 从背景噪音。

问题 23:关于背景噪音的干扰程度,我们从英国研究人员那里了解到什么?

learn

Q 24:What is best for students to do when writing essays according to some research?

什么 是 最好 对于学生 做 当 写论文 根据一些研究

问题 24:根据一些研究,学生在写论文时最好做什么?

be

Q25:How do people of different personalities react to distractions according to other studies?

如何 人们of不同性格 反应 to分心 根据其他研究

问题 25:根据其他研究,不同性格的人对分心的反应如何?

react

personalities

Thats the end of Listening Comprehension.

听力理解到此结束。

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